Plant Immune Responses: Aphids Strike Back

Plant Immune Responses: Aphids Strike Back

To survive and complete their life cycle, herbivorous insects face the difficult challenge of coping with the arsenal of plant defences. A new study reports that aphids secrete evolutionarily conserved cytokines in their saliva to suppress host immune responses.

The microbes strike back.

Charming Penguins Strike Back

By using the recent experimental measurements of B → ππ and B → Kπ branching ratios, we find that factorization is unable to reproduce the observed BRs even taking into account the uncertainties of the input parameters. Charming and GIM penguins allow to reconcile the theoretical predictions with the data. Because of these large effects, we conclude, however, that it is not possible, with the p...

Premature Ventricular Contractions strike Back

Address for reprints: Dr. Carlos Labadet Av. Almirante Brown 240 CABA e-mail: [email protected] A BIT OF HISTORY Historically, premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) were considered precursors of sudden cardiac death and, for many years, their mere presence was taken as an indication for prescribing antiarrhythmic agents. The concept that ventricular fibrillation (VF) and ventricular tachyc...

Update on Secretory Pathways in Plant Immune Responses Secretory Pathways in Plant Immune Responses

Innate immune receptors in plants detect the presence of microbial pathogens and trigger defense responses to terminate or restrict pathogen growth. The molecular mechanisms of receptor-mediated nonself recognition and subsequent intracellular signaling pathways have received much attention in the past. Less is known about the cellular mechanisms that contribute to the execution of immune respo...